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AI Glossary

A

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI)
    • The process by which a computer algorithm, trained to think and learn like humans, simulates human intelligence and makes decisions based on what it learns.

C

  • Chatbot
    • An interface that is powered by AI, used to simulate human-like conversations with users, in particular in areas such as customer support.
  • Computer Vision
    • AI field that focuses on enabling computers to understand and interpret images and video.

D

  • Data Mining
    • The process of analysing large data sets to discover patterns and insights.
  • Decision Trees
    • A type of machine learning algorithm that uses a tree-like model of decisions and their possible consequences.
  • Deep Learning
    • A type of machine learning that uses neural networks with multiple layers to learn and make predictions.

G

  • Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT)
    • They are large language models (LLMs) giving applications the ability to create text and other content, such as music or images, that are very similar to those generated by humans. They use transformer architecture -- which can handle complex language tasks by focusing on different parts of the input data -- and complex probability calculations to generate the output. They use patterns learned during training to generate responses.

I

  • Internet of Things (IoT)
    • A network of “smart” physical devices such as TV sets, washing machines, fridges, etc, which can collect and exchange data with the help of embedded sensors and software.

L

  • Large Language Model (LLM)
    • Deep machine learning models that are trained on large amounts of text such as books, articles, and web pages. The LLM learns the patterns and relationships between words and phrases in the text, so that it can generate new text that is similar in style and content to the original data.

M

  • Machine Learning (ML)
    • A subset of AI that involves training algorithms to make predictions or decisions based on data. It can be supervised (the algorithm is trained on labelled data, with the goal of making predictions on new, unlabelled data) or unsupervised (the algorithm is trained on unlabelled data, with the goal of finding patterns or structure in the data).

N

  • Natural Language Generation (NLG)
    • The ability of machines to generate human-like language, often used in chatbots and virtual assistants.
  • Natural Language Processing (NLP)    
    • The ability of machines to understand and interpret human language.
  • Neural Networks
    • A type of machine learning algorithm that is modelled after the structure of the human brain.

T

  • Transformer
    • A tool that is able to process a whole sequence (such as a sentence, a paragraph or a whole text or set of data) at once, rather than focusing on individual parts, making large language models (LLMs) in artificial intelligence much faster and accurate at analysing and generating text.